Most Popular Books by Frank Jacobs

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This atlas traces the formation and development of the U.S. over 500 years, from the time of the early European colonies through to the densely developed and influential country it is today. It also discusses the events leading to the discovery of North America. It looks at American cartography as well.

The severe plastic deformation that occurs during the shear forming process requires that consideration be given the resultant effects on material properties. The effect of shear forming on the mechanical properties was determined for thirty-two alloys. The eight different classes of alloys included: (a) austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, and precipitation hardening types of stainless steels, (b) super alloys, (c) titanium alloys, (d) alloy steels, and a(e) aluminum alloys. Original material properties, properties after shear formingand properties after shear forming and heat treatment were determined. All materials increased in strength with increasing amounts of cold reduction - the increase being a function of the work hardening characteristic of the alloy. The shear form variables of feed, speed, and roller nose radius can have very significant effect on the mechanical properties obtained at the various percent reductions, especially for those materials which have rapid work hardening characteristics. Response to subsequent heat treatment may vary as a result of the shear form machine variables affecting the cold work even though the percent reduction may be the same.