Most Popular Books by Vaclav Smil

The magnitude and rapidity of global environmental change threatens the perpetuation of life on Earth. Many aspects of this crisis are familiar to us - the destruction of tropical rainforests, the hole in the Antarctic ozone, desertification, soil erosion - yet we avoid the underlying challenge of a rapidly deteriorating ecological system and the breadth and complexity of responses demanded. Integrating an analysis of both social and environmental needs, the book explores the premises and problems of different paths towards global management. With its emphasis on flexible response, Global Ecology furthers our understanding of biospheric change and of our abilities and weaknesses in managing the transition to a sustainable society.

Presented here for the first time is a comprehensive, single-volume treatment of all the important aspects of biospheric civilizational energetics. The author uses measurements of energy and power densities and intensities throughout to provide an integrated framework of analysis. All segments of energetics are examined, including planetary energetics (solar radiation and geomorphic processes) and bioenergetics (photosynthesis) to human energetics (metabolism and thermoregulation) traced from hunting-gathering and agricultural societies through modern day industrial civilization. Concludes with general patterns, trends and socio-economic considerations of energy use today plus their impact on the environment.

Energy transitions are fundamental processes behind the evolution of human societies: they both drive and are driven by technical, economic, and social changes. This title describes the history of modern society's dependence on fossil fuels and the prospects for the transition to a nonfossil world.

This inquiry into the technical advances that shaped the 20th century follows the evolutions of all the principal innovations introduced before 1913 (as detailed in the first volume) as well as the origins and elaborations of all fundamental 20th century advances. The history of the 20th century is rooted in amazing technical advances of 1871-1913, but the century differs so remarkably from the preceding 100 years because of several unprecedented combinations. The 20th century had followed on the path defined during the half century preceding the beginning of World War I, but it has traveled along that path at a very different pace, with different ambitions and intents. The new century's developments elevated both the magnitudes of output and the spatial distribution of mass industrial production and to new and, in many ways, virtually incomparable levels. Twentieth century science and engineering conquered and perfected a number of fundamental challenges which remained unresolved before 1913, and which to many critics appeared insoluble. This book is organized in topical chapters dealing with electricity, engines, materials and syntheses, and information techniques. It concludes with an extended examination of contradictory consequences of our admirable technical progress by confronting the accomplishments and perils of systems that brought liberating simplicity as well as overwhelming complexity, that created unprecedented affluence and equally unprecedented economic gaps, that greatly increased both our security and fears as well as our understanding and ignorance, and that provided the means for greater protection of the biosphere while concurrently undermining some of the key biophysical foundations of life on Earth.Transforming the Twentieth Century will offer a wide-ranging interdisciplinary appreciation of the undeniable technical foundations of the modern world as well as a multitude of welcome and worrisome consequences of these developments. It will combine scientific rigor with accessible writing, thoroughly illustrated by a large number of appropriate images that will include historical photographs and revealing charts of long-term trends.

Reality: Comprehensive energy transitions take several generations. --

How much further should the affluent world push its material consumption? Does relative dematerialization lead to absolute decline in demand for materials? These and many other questions are discussed and answered in Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization. Over the course of time, the modern world has become dependent on unprecedented flows of materials. Now even the most efficient production processes and the highest practical rates of recycling may not be enough to result in dematerialization rates that would be high enough to negate the rising demand for materials generated by continuing population growth and rising standards of living. This book explores the costs of this dependence and the potential for substantial dematerialization of modern economies. Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization considers the principal materials used throughout history, from wood and stone, through to metals, alloys, plastics and silicon, describing their extraction and production as well as their dominant applications. The evolving productivities of material extraction, processing, synthesis, finishing and distribution, and the energy costs and environmental impact of rising material consumption are examined in detail. The book concludes with an outlook for the future, discussing the prospects for dematerialization and potential constrains on materials. This interdisciplinary text provides useful perspectives for readers with backgrounds including resource economics, environmental studies, energy analysis, mineral geology, industrial organization, manufacturing and material science.

A selection of 50 Slovak folk tales assembled from the collections of folklorist Pavol Dobsinsky. The translator seeks to preserve the poetic qualities of the originals, and the book includes an introduction to the genres of the folktale and the specifics of Slovak tales.

Energy analysis and agriculture; U.S. grain corn environment and uses; Field operations; Energy for field operations; Machinery, draft animals, and labor; Chemical fertilizers, liming materials, and manure; Herbicides and insecticides; Transport of production inputs; Grain corn yields and drying operations; Energy and financial costs of grain corn; Energy conservation and future grain corn energy cost.

tions is not possible without first putting the problem into a wider con text. Consequently, before proceeding with detailed critical topical cov erage of individual biomass energy sources, uses, and effects, I will extend this preface with a few pages of rather personal reflections (I will use the same device in closing the book: after providing concise topical summaries in Chapter 8, I will conclude with some essayistic musings on renewable energetics, plants, people, and a scientist's responsibility). Interest in biomass energies is just a part of a broader global trend toward renewable energetics, a trend which has evolved speedily after the crude oil price escalation started in 1973. Yet one must be reminded that for the rich countries fossil fuels are, and for a long period shall remain, the foundation of an affluent civilization, while throughout the poor world the reliance of most people on biomass energies for everyday subsistence has brought many damaging environmental and social ef fects; that the reality of sharp price rises for crude oil (actually not so sharp once adjusted for inflation) should not be misconstrued as an "energy crisis"; that the rise of renew abies and the claims made on their behalf by countless enthusiasts look so much better on paper than in reality; and that the potential of biomass energies, an essential ingre dient of renewable scenarios, has been judged more with proselytizing zeal than with critical detachment.

In 1982, Vaclav Smil turned upside down traditional perceptions of China as a green paradise in "The Bad Earth," a disturbing book. This new volume, drawn on a much broader canvas, updates and expands on the basic arguments and perceptions of "The Bad Earth." This book is not a systematic litany of what went wrong and how much - but rather an inquiry into the fundamental factors, needs, prospects, and limits of modern Chinese society, all seen through the critical environmental constraints and impacts.

Meat eating is often a contentious subject, whether considering the technical, ethical, environmental, political, or health-related aspects of production and consumption. This book is a wide-ranging and interdisciplinary examination and critique of meat consumption by humans, throughout their evolution and around the world. Setting the scene with a chapter on meat’s role in human evolution and its growing influence during the development of agricultural practices, the book goes on to examine modern production systems, their efficiencies, outputs, and impacts. The major global trends of meat consumption are described in order to find out what part its consumption plays in changing modern diets in countries around the world. The heart of the book addresses the consequences of the "massive carnivory" of western diets, looking at the inefficiencies of production and at the huge impacts on land, water, and the atmosphere. Health impacts are also covered, both positive and negative. In conclusion, the author looks forward at his vision of “rational meat eating”, where environmental and health impacts are reduced, animals are treated more humanely, and alternative sources of protein make a higher contribution. Should We Eat Meat? is not an ideological tract for or against carnivorousness but rather a careful evaluation of meat's roles in human diets and the environmental and health consequences of its production and consumption. It will be of interest to a wide readership including professionals and academics in food and agricultural production, human health and nutrition, environmental science, and regulatory and policy making bodies around the world.

«O meu autor preferido mais uma vez conseguiu. Os Números Não Mentem é de longe o seu livro mais acessível até agora, e recomendo-o vivamente a qualquer pessoa curiosa sobre o mundo. Recomendo este livro, sem hesitações, a qualquer pessoa que goste de aprender.» BILL GATES É perigoso voar? O que é pior para o meio ambiente, um carro ou um telemóvel? Quanto pesam todas as vacas do mundo e por que é que isso importa? Porque é que os franceses estão a beber cada vez menos vinho? É possível medir a felicidade? Vaclav Smil, um mestre em dados e estatísticas, oferece-nos neste livro uma visão do mundo tão surpreendente quanto esclarecedora. Cientista ambiental, analista de políticas públicas e autor prolífico, ele é a referência de Bill Gates quando se trata de compreender o mundo. Em Os Números Não Mentem embarcamos numa fascinante aventura para descobrir factos, feita de exemplos divertidos, estatísticas e gráficos incríveis, que desafiam os mais preguiçosos dos cérebros. Das nações e seus habitantes, dos combustíveis aos alimentos, dos transportes às invenções do nosso mundo moderno, ficamos a saber quantas pessoas foram necessárias para construir a Grande Pirâmide, que a vacinação significa sempre o melhor retorno sobre o investimento feito e que os carros elétricos (ainda) não são assim tão bons como pensamos. Urgente e essencial, com um pouco de ciência, história e humor, Os Números Não Mentem faz-nos questionar sobre verdades que sempre demos como garantidas. A missão de Smil é convencer-nos de que os factos importam, porque os números podem não mentir, mas, afinal, que verdade revelam?

L’energia è l’unica moneta universale, necessaria per ottenere qualsiasi cosa. In questa storia monumentale, Vaclav Smil offre un racconto complessivo di come l’energia abbia plasmato la società, dalla preistoria in cui si scopre il fuoco alla società moderna che dipende dalle fonti fossili. Gli uomini sono l’unica specie capace di imbrigliare energia al di fuori del proprio corpo, usando le capacità dell’intelletto e un gran numero di strumenti – dai più semplici attrezzi fino ai motori a combustione interna e ai reattori nucleari. La transizione epocale verso l’uso delle fonti fossili ha riguardato ogni aspetto della vita umana: agricoltura, industria, trasporti, armi, comunicazione, economia, urbanizzazione, qualità della vita, politica e ambiente. Come scrive Alessandro Lanza nell’introduzione, «Energia e civiltà di Vaclav Smil rappresenta la sintesi cronologica del rapporto inscindibile tra uomo ed energia nella storia, ma anche una fondamentale messa a fuoco di come questo rapporto sia destinato a svilupparsi, illuminando i punti critici e le sfide sociali e antropologiche che attendono l’umanità per la salvaguardia delle fonti naturali – dalle quali proprio quell’energia scaturisce – principale fonte di ricchezza e sviluppo della nostra specie».

La crescita è da sempre un obiettivo, dichiarato o implicito, degli sforzi individuali e collettivi. In questo libro Vaclav Smil offre un’indagine sistematica della crescita nella natura e nella società, dai microrganismi agli imperi e alle civiltà. Smil accompagna i lettori a partire dalle invasioni batteriche, passando per il metabolismo animale e arrivando alle megalopoli e all'economia globale. Inizia con organismi di dimensioni microscopiche, fino all’evoluzione di esseri viventi sempre più grandi e alla crescita umana dall’infanzia all’età adulta. Dalla biologia alla tecnologia, il libro percorre la storia della vita sulla Terra, dedicando ampio spazio all'evoluzione della capacità di produrre energia e manufatti che favoriscono attività economiche, segnando progressi essenziali per la civiltà. Infine, guarda alla crescita nei sistemi complessi, dalle popolazioni umane fino alle città. La dinamica della civiltà moderna, guidata dagli imperativi opposti della crescita materiale e dei limiti della biosfera, resta incerta e difficile da governare: verso quale futuro si avvia il mondo? Una crescita senza fine non è sostenibile per una realtà fatta da risorse finite.

In Made in the USA, Vaclav Smil powerfully rebuts the notion that manufacturing is a relic of predigital history and that the loss of American manufacturing is a desirable evolutionary step toward a pure service economy. Smil argues that no advanced economy can prosper without a strong, innovative manufacturing sector and the jobs it creates. Smil explains how manufacturing became a fundamental force behind America's economic, strategic, and social dominance. He describes American manufacturing's rapid rise at the end of the nineteenth century, its consolidation and modernization between the two world wars, its role as an enabler of mass consumption after 1945, and its recent decline. Some economists argue that shipping low-value jobs overseas matters little because the high-value work remains in the United States. But, asks Smil, do we want a society that consists of a small population of workers doing high-value-added work and masses of unemployed? Smil assesses various suggestions for solving America's manufacturing crisis, including lowering corporate tax rates, promoting research and development, and improving public education. Will America act to preserve and reinvigorate its manufacturing? It is crucial to our social and economic well-being; but, Smil warns, the odds are no better than even.